The Air Resources Laboratory’s (ARL) mission is to improve the ability of the Nation to protect human and ecosystem health and to support a vibrant economy through advanced atmospheric sciences and technologies. ARL’s research focus is on the surface of the Earth from a few feet below the soil up to 2-3 miles in the atmosphere, known as the boundary layer, which has a direct impact on people’s health and safety, business, and the environment. ARL studies the physical and chemical processes that occur in the boundary layer, on time scales spanning a few hours to several years.

ARL studies the mixing, exchange, and transformation of energy, moisture, trace gases and particles and contributes inputs to meteorological models and forecast operations that are vital in improving weather, climate and air quality forecasts. Primary applications include emergency response, homeland security, air quality, weather forecasts, climate outlooks, commerce and transportation. ARL’s vision is to effectively protect people, the environment, and commercial activities from atmospheric risks using the best available scientific understanding of boundary layer processes.

Primary Research Areas

Surface Atmosphere Exchange

  • Research processes and variables controlling heat and water vapor exchanges between land and atmosphere

Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion

  • Research main processes that drive transport and dispersion in the atmosphere
  • Improve the quality of and assess uncertainties/applicability of modeling tools
Light blue sky with lots of thick, fluffy clouds. Scientific instruments mounted on a metal scaffold tower are in the foreground with a solar panel in the middle of the image and a brown picket fence on the right side of the image. All of this is set in a remote field of scrubby grass and trees.

Boundary Layer Characterization

  • Improve accuracy of atmospheric models and other forecast and prediction tools to better understand the atmospheric boundary layer 
tall metal tower laying on the ground in a field, the top of the tower is in the lower right corner, it lays a little bit diagonally toward the back left side of the image. There is a truck at the base of the tower and trees on the horizon.

Idaho weather towers get tilt-down feature

June 29, 2026

ARL has embarked on an upgrade for its weather towers located on the Idaho National Laboratory site. These upgrades include replacing some of the towers with some that tilt-down for easy access to instruments.

Photo from inside a soccer stadium, high in the stands with fans in front of the camera facing the field. You can see that the stands are full

NOAA’s HYSPLIT model, a key safety tool for emergency managers

June 11, 2026

Local emergency managers plan ahead for public safety during large events, modifications to HYSPLIT are helping U.S. cities plan around World Cup events.

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Millions of East Coast visitors provide unique opportunity for NOAA

May 27, 2026

With millions of visitors expected this summer for the FIFA World Cup games, NOAA realized there is an opportunity for a real-world experiment to study urban air quality management, improve atmospheric models and support emergency management.